tory burch shoes _433 Of the new building structur

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Discussion of new Building System

【Papers words: building structures; steel of a concrete hybrid structure; tensegrity structure; membrane structure 【Abstract】: As science and technology, structural design theory, the rapid development of high strength materials, the architects have provided a wealth of imagination, but also for the new structural system to create the conditions there from the Temple. Article introduces the application of more and more in recent years, several new types of building structures. As science and technology, structural design theory, the rapid development of high strength materials. People on the architectural style, building design and span the increasingly high demand. More demanding on the building structure. To address these issues, the emergence of some new structural system. Include: a concrete hybrid structure of steel, huge structural system, the overall structure of tension membrane structures. 1. Steel hybrid structure of a steel concrete composite structure of a concrete high-rise building in China is currently in the field of application of more of a structure. Steel and concrete structures have their own strengths, the former with a light weight, high strength, good ductility, construction speed, internal clearance height and large buildings, etc.; the latter stiffness, less consumption of steel, materials Province, fire good performance. Utilization advantages of these two structures the development of high-rise buildings has opened up a new way. Statistical analysis showed that a high-rise buildings of concrete mixed with steel steel structures steel is about 70% of all steel construction speed and fairly, in considering the construction period, such as use of the area occupied by the structure after the claim. General economic indicators hybrid structure is superior to steel and concrete structure of the whole integrated economic indicators. A concrete hybrid structure of steel was first used in Chicago in 1972, Gateway I] I Building (36 floor 137m). 80 years of the 20th century until the steel used in high-rise buildings, has built or under construction in high-rise building (about 40 blocks) in the. More than half of the steel used in a concrete hybrid structure, one of the typical building Jinmao Tower in Shanghai. Eleven concrete hybrid structure of steel in high-rise office buildings, schools, hospitals and residential buildings will be more widely used. 2. Huge mega structure system structure is composed of large elements (giant beams, giant columns and huge support) formed the main structural elements of the structure and composition of the sub-routine Structure of a structural system work together. Giant structure by main force system can be divided into a giant truss structures, mega-frame structure, the giant structure and huge separate suspension structure; press materials can be divided into a giant concrete structure, a giant steel reinforced concrete structures, giant a mixed structure of steel and reinforced concrete steel giant. Giant structure is characterized by: from the whole plane. Use of materials giant structure to carry out as much as possible just to meet the principles of material properties can give full play; from the structure point of view, the giant structure is a extraordinary great lateral stiffness and overall performance of large structures, is a very reasonable high-rise structure; from the structural point of view. Meet many of the giant structure has a special form and use of functional requirements of the building facade. So many talented architects to imagine to be implemented. Giant structure as high-level or high-rise building of a new system. Because of its own advantages and characteristics, has been growing attention, and increasingly used in engineering practice, is a useful development structure. HSBC is a giant steel structure. Walter Noel Manfu is designed. 3. Membrane tension membrane structure is a structural system, it is the thin film materials with a variety of high-strength (class of common are PVC, PTFE and organic category silicone) and secondary structure (often with steel cables, steel trusses or steel columns, etc.) through a certain way to certain internally generated pre-tensile stress. And the formation of stress under the control of a space form. Structure or building as the main cover, and has sufficient rigidity to withstand the external load of a spatial structure. Which the substrate fabric. The mechanical properties of membrane major decisions. Provide tensile strength, tear strength; coating. Mainly to solve the physical properties of membranes, providing materials, fire resistance,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], durability and waterproof, self-cleaning and so on. Membrane structure has the following characteristics: ① changeable and flexible membrane supporting structure to make the building a more diverse style,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], original and beautiful. At the same time reflect the beauty of the structure. And rich colors; membrane roofing weight of conventional steel roof is only 1 / 30, which reduces the cost of the wall and foundation, while building peculiar membrane shape and night effects are obvious \, the higher the price-benefit ratio; ② film processing and production of all projects under design can be completed in the factory, only for installation in the field, and compared to traditional building construction cycle, it is almost twice as fast; ③ ; membranes have a higher reflectivity and lower absorption rates, and low thermal conductivity, which prevents a great extent on the solar energy into the interior. In addition. Translucency membranes can take advantage of natural light; ④ as light weight, the membrane support surface within the building can not cover a large span of space, which allows for a more flexible,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], more innovative design and use of building space. Membrane structure consists of the following three forms: ① inflatable membrane structure: membrane body supported by air pressure to cover the building space. It is a single body, use less; ② tensioned membrane structure: The cable joint force with the membrane surface to cover the form of stable architectural space, which is representative of cable and membrane architecture and essence, with a high degree of physical plasticity and structure flexibility; ③ membrane skeleton structure: a stable framework through its own system of support to cover the membrane body building space frame system decided to build shape, the membrane covering the body is. Compared with the international advanced level in China in the membrane structure there is a large gap. However, theoretical research in recent years has done a lot of work. Also appeared a number of practical projects. Such as the Shanghai Stadium stands Canopy is a steel frame supporting the membrane structure. Is the first time in the large building on the use of membrane structures, but the membranes used are imported, design, construction and installation but also by foreign companies. 4. Efficient HPC prestressed structural system structure refers to the use of high strength materials, modern design and advanced construction technology building up the prestressed structure, today's most technologically advanced,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], most widely used,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the most promising one of a type of building structure. Present. Almost all the world, the civil fine tip tall structures have adopted HPC technologies, such as large public buildings, large span heavy industrial buildings, high-rise buildings, large and medium span bridges, large special structures, TV towers, nuclear power plant containment , almost all marine platform adopted this technology. Compared with the traditional PC phase structure, efficient prestressed structure has the following characteristics: ① extensive use of high-strength materials: present, commonly used in prestressed concrete structures concrete strength from CA0 ~ C80. Even up to more than C100; ② design according to the modern design theory. Greatly improved the high seismic performance of prestressed structure, such as normal use of property; ③ In recent years the development of advanced construction technology for efficient large-scale application prestressed structure to provide a technical basis. Such as high tonnage, large-stroke jacks and a variety of anchoring systems and other applications; ④ structure for a wide range of HPC. Suitable for large span and large span structures and the use of high-performance, high-level structure can be extended to the conversion layer, steel, infrastructure, roads and other structural areas. In recent years. HPC technology has developed rapidly in China, has developed a special prestressed structure design, construction procedures, engineering application of prestressed structural system is also very rich. Typical projects include the largest single project of a prestressed Capital International Airport new terminal project. Can be expected, with the high performance prestressed material (high strength concrete, high strength tendons, the new fiber reinforced plastic, etc.) promote the use and design theory and design of continuous development. New, highly efficient structural system stress of 21 lit in the large-scale capital construction discipline play an increasing role. 5. Roof structure to open and close the opening and closing roof structure is a very short time some or all of the roof structure can be moved or the structure of opening and closing form, it makes the building the roof open and close the two states can be used. It is the roof system is divided into a number of movable and fixed units moving through the unit by a certain path can move, rotate, so that overlap between the various units, Diego placed to achieve the opening and closing the roof. Opening and closing roof structure features: ① the open roof makes sense to return to nature and feel happy; ② In case of rain and snow, the roof can be closed, so that indoor activities on the climate; based on structural system, roof structure can be divided into open and close; ③ flexible structure and the steel cable membrane structures membrane roof opening and closing; ④ space rigid grid structure of the roof opening and closing unit; ⑤ to expand the opening and closing structure; ⑥ film opening and closing structure.
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